Fused with the squamous and mastoid parts and between the sphenoid and occipital bones lies the petrous part, which is shaped like a pyramid. Large pairs of muscles in the cheeks and temples move the lower jaw. Parts of … The brain receives oxygen-rich blood from the carotid artery, while the jugular vein carries blood out of the brain. Temporal bone fractures were historically divided into three main categories, longitudinal, in which the vertical axis of the fracture paralleled the petrous ridge, horizontal, in which the axis of the fracture was perpendicular to the petrous ridge, and oblique, a mixed type with both longitudinal and horizontal components. identify this portion of the bone. About one-quarter of temporal bone fractures occur as a result of sports injuries, gunshot wounds, and cycling accidents, among other injuries. Outer surface of tympanic ring. Treatments may involve: Trauma around the temporal bone can cause hearing loss. They will manage the bone fracture once they are confident that the person is in a stable condition. The temporal line of the frontal bone is the continuation of the line formed by the union of the superior and inferior temporal lines of the parietal bone. Ear and jaw pain may occur from a … The cause of a glomus jugulare tumor is unknown. Hearing loss and ringing in the ears, called tinnitus, are common symptoms. Click on an image to select a plane. squamous part of temporal bone. All of the constitutive parts of the temporal bone will be explained through this article. squamous part of temporal bone. However, some infections can form abscesses in the tissues surrounding the temporal bones. Many people worry when they experience bone pain because it can be a sign of…, © 2004-2020 Healthline Media UK Ltd, Brighton, UK, a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. The TMJ is adjacent to the temporal bone, which includes your inner ear. This area contains nerve fibers, called glomus bodies. Some anatomists describe only 4 parts of the temporal bone, with the mastoid and petrous parts combined as a petromastoid part 3. The temporal bone surrounds the ears and protects nerves and structures that play a role in controlling hearing and balance. These tumors most often occur later in life, around age 60 or 70, but they can appear at any age. Outer surface of petromastoid part. petrous part of temporal bone. Last medically reviewed on November 7, 2019, While some chemical imbalances can be a factor in certain symptoms of mental health conditions, they do not tell the whole story. In most cases, there are no known risk factors. Position of temporal bone (green). Each consists of five parts: the squama, the petrous, mastoid, and tympanic parts, and the styloid process. The temporal bones are situated at the sides and base of the skull, and lateral to the temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex. Many blood vessels and nerves pass through the temporal bone, so damage to it can have serious consequences involving blood loss and nerve damage. The temporal bone is a paired symmetrical bone which forms the lower lateral walls of the human skull. In some situations, particularly those in which blood or swelling was responsible for this loss, the hearing may come back or improve over time. Given that the file is large, loading may take a few minutes. identify this projection. Any medical information published on this website is not intended as a substitute for informed medical advice and you should not take any action before consulting with a healthcare professional, COVID-19 vaccine: Low-income countries lose out to wealthy countries, COVID-19 live updates: Total number of cases passes 74.9 million, Immune cells in the brain may help prevent seizures, Everything you need to know about chemical imbalances in the brain, the two parietal bones that make up the top of the skull, the occipital bone at the back and base of the skull, the squamous region, which is the largest. Petrous part: It’s the most challenging (rock like) part of the temporal bone and includes inside it: internal ear, middle ear and mastoid antrum, which it safely shields. The tympanic part is relatively small and lies inferior to the squamous part, anterior to the mastoid part, and superior to the styloid process. As they vibrate, they send sound signals into the oval window, a structure in the ear that leads to the cochlea. Temporal bone fractures can involve damage to certain nerves or lead to bleeding in the brain. The temporal bones help make up the skull. It is a composite structure consisting of four parts, each ossifying independently and later fuses. The petrous part of the temporal bone is pyramid-shaped and is wedged in at the base of the skull between the sphenoid and occipital bones. Sphenosquamosal suture. 6] the temporal bone consists of three principal parts: Apart from size increase, the chief changes from birth through puberty in the temporal bone are as follows: 1. Sometimes, doctors can treat hearing loss with hearing aids, cochlear implants, or surgery to reconstruct the middle ear. The skull is thin in this area and presents a vulnerable area for a blow from a battle axe. Each consists of five parts, viz., the squama, the petrous, mastoid, and tympanic parts, and the styloid process. Petrous part of temporal bone. Squamosal suture. Together, these bones fuse to create the neurocranium, which is the main cavity that surrounds and protects the brain and the brain stem. Petrous part (pars petrosa temporalis) is a pyramid-shaped portion of the temporal bone that projects medially and anteriorly from the squamous part. The squamous part is the largest and most superiorly positioned relative to the rest of the bone. The temporal bones are situated at the sides and base of the skull. A temporal surface of a bone is a part of a bone, which contributes to the formation of the temporal fossa. Any of these parts — the disk, the muscles or the joint itself — can become the source of a TMD problem. Tumors at the temporal bones or base of the skull can be benign (noncancerous) or cancerous. Various cranial nerves pass through the temporal bones, so skull fractures that affect these bones can have serious consequences. The temporal bones are the thickest skull base components. The temporalis muscle attaches to the squamous portion of the temporal bone. It can lead to hearing loss, tinnitus, and a loss of…, People may feel aches or pains in their bones for a variety of reasons. The styloid, from the Greek stylos, is a phallic shaped pillar directed inferiorly and anteromedially between the parotid gland and internal jugular vein. The downward and forward growth of the mastoid process also pushes forward the tympanic part; as a result, its portion that formed the original floor of the meatus, and contained the, The petrous and mastoid parts of the temporal bone, which derive from the. People with temporal bone fractures may present to the emergency department with the following signs and symptoms: Doctors treating a temporal bone fracture must first make sure that the injury is not life threatening. The flattened, upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Large pairs of muscles in the cheeks and temples move the lower jaw. They help form the sides and base of … Superior to the Eustachian tube is a shallow groove extending laterally and posteriorly to an opening, called the hiatus of the facial canal, which transmits the greater petrosal nerve. Minor bumps are unlikely to cause this bone to fracture, but people who have been in car accidents or experienced significant head trauma may sustain a temporal bone fracture. : The Squama (squama temporalis).—The squama forms the anterior and upper part of the bone… Symptoms usually affect the ear. 1. Fused with the squamous and mastoid parts and between the sphenoid and occipital bones lies the petrous part, which is shaped lik… Interactive Atlas: This atlas allows you to scroll through CT slices of the temporal bone in four different planes. Figure 7 : Temporal bone at birth. The lower seven cranial nerves and the major vessels to and from the brain traverse the temporal bone. The TMJ does a lot of work, moving in many directions so you can chew and talk. Each consists of five parts: the squama, the petrous, mastoid, and tympanic parts, and the styloid process. Petrous comes from the Latin word petrosus, meaning "stone-like, hard". The petrous portion is among the most basal elements of the skull and forms part of the endocranium. Temporal bones are two in number; situated at the sides and base of the skull: chief bone of the temporal region and each temporal bone contains the organs of hearing and equilibrium. identify this projection. This hardened extension (petrosus; L., hard) encloses the middle and inner ear structures. Different types of tumor have different treatment and management options. The pyramid-like petrous part The lower jaw and temporal bone fit together as a ball and socket, with a cushioning disk in between. Figure 8 : Temporal bone at birth. Causes include Bell’s Palsy, a tumor requiring removal of a portion of the facial nerve, trauma, diseases and infections. [7] It is thought to be from the Old French temporal meaning "earthly," which is directly from the Latin tempus meaning "time, proper time or season." Balance involves several areas of the inner ear, including the vestibule and semicircular canal. The part of the squama which forms the fossa lies at first below the level of the zygomatic process. The temporal bone lies inferior to the parietal bone and form the inferolateral region of the skull and parts of the cranial floor. Glomus tumors have been associated with changes (mutations) in a gene responsible for the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase (SDHD). [3] An elongated or deviated styloid process can result from calcification of the stylohyoid ligament in a condition known as Eagle syndrome. It is thin and shell-like, and forms the lateral wall of the middle cranial fossa. This smooth surface also composes part of the temporal fossa, a slight, rounded indentation in the side of the skull that provides attachment for the temporal … If a person has delayed paralysis of the facial muscles, they may have fluid buildup that is pressing on a nerve. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions (Figure 7.7). The temporal bones are two major bones in the skull, or cranium. Facial nerve paralysis occurs when the facial nerve no longer works properly. The temporal bone is a paired component of the skull base. The zygomatic process is a long, arched process projecting from the lower region of the squamous part and it articulates with the zygomatic bone. Any of these parts — the disk, the muscles or the joint itself — can become the source of a TMD problem. mastoid process. To detect these tumors, doctors examine the ear and often also use medical imaging methods. Medial part of the border articulates with the posterior margin of the greater wing of the sphenoid and forms the sulcus tubae on the undersurface of base of the skull (vide supra). In many animals some of these parts stay separate through life: In evolutionary terms, the temporal bone is derived from the fusion of many bones that are often separate in non-human mammals: Its exact etymology is unknown. Each temporal bone consists of four parts: petrous, mastoid, tympanic, and squamous parts. A glomus jugulare tumor grows in the temporal bone of the skull, in an area called the jugular foramen. The temporal bones are paired bones that help make up the sides and base of the skull (cranium). The squama is ossified in membrane from a single nucleus, which appears near the root of the zygomatic process about the second month. These issues may require surgery. It separates sphenoid bone and squama portion of temporal bone. Temporal comes from the Latin word tempus, which means time. Acoustic neuroma is a benign tumor that affects the nerves between the inner ear and the brain. The temporal bone is composed of several parts, these being the squamous part, the zygomatic process, the petromastoid part, the tympanic part, the styloid process. Keep reading to learn more about the anatomy and function of the temporal bone. The lower facial nerve and major vessels to and from the brain pivot the temporal bone. It arises most frequently between C3 and C5 vertebral level, where the common carotid bifurcates to form the internal carotid and the external carotid artery (ECA).Just superior to its origin, the ICA has a slight dilatation in is the location of the carotid sinus and body.. Variations in origin Temporal Bone. It forms a narrow mass between the sphenoid bone (anterior) and the occipital bone (posterior). The squamous, tympanic and petromastoid parts make up the majority of the bone, with the zygomatic and styloid processes projecting outwards. The mastoid portion is at first flat, with the stylomastoid foramen and rudimentary styloid immediately behind the tympanic ring. Males are at least three times more likely than females to sustain a temporal bone fracture. This places them lateral—to the side of—the temporal lobes of the brain’s cerebral cortex, ensuring that the cranium is properly supported and protecting the important structures there. Posteroinferior to the squamous is the mastoid part. Clinically, this is associated with profound sensorineural hearing loss and loss of vestibular function. Temporal bone fractures can occur due to motor vehicle accidents, assaults, or falls. The temporal bones are situated at the sides and base of the skull. It’s a base, an apex, 3 surfaces and 3 edges. The sphenoid bone is one of the most complex in the body due to its interactions with numerous facial bones, ligaments, and muscles. There is also a probable connection with the Greek verb temnion, to wound in battle. The module interface is meant to mimic a radiology workstation with adjacent image scrolling via arrow keys and or mouse wheel button. Temporal bone infections can sometimes be mild and unlikely to cause permanent damage. identify this projection. identify this portion of the bone… Inner aspect. The lower jaw and temporal bone fit together as a ball and socket, with a cushioning disk in between. The petrous part has a shape of a 3 dimensional pyramid. The cochlea contains hearing cells, which transmit sound information to the brain through cranial nerves. Outer aspect. The brain then interprets these sounds. If the abscess becomes large enough, it can make a hole in the eardrum and affect the cranial nerves that pass through the temporal bones. Inner surface of squama. zygomatic process. It has a pyramid shape with a base and an apex. The temporal bone is ossified from eight centers, exclusive of those for the internal ear and the tympanic ossicles: one for the squama including the zygomatic process, one for the tympanic part, four for the petrous and mastoid parts, and two for the styloid process. The orofacial characters (all derived from neural-crest cells) developfrom different embryonicpri­ The temporal bone is a thick, hard bone that forms part of the side and base of the skull. This name reflects the fact that gray hairs, which mark the passage of time, often start appearing around the temporal area of the head. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. The temporal bone itself is comprised of five constituent parts. Animation. We discuss their function, the different types of bones in the human body, and the cells that are involved. The temporal bone consists of four parts — the squamous, mastoid, petrous and tympanic parts. A range of injuries and medical conditions can affect the temporal bone, including those below. Start studying Parts of the Temporal Bone. The temporal bone consists of a pair of bones that help make up the skull. With air cell development, the outer part of the mastoid component grows anteroinferiorly to form the mastoid process, with the styloid and stylomastoid foramen now on the under surface. MNT is the registered trade mark of Healthline Media. The temporal, parietal and frontal bones together forms the pterion, which is the weakest part of the skull. The petromastoid part is developed from four centers, which make their appearance in the cartilaginous ear capsule about the fifth or sixth month. Gross anatomy Origin. More recently, delineation based on disruption of the otic capsule has been found as more reliable in predicting complications such as facial nerve injury, sensorineural hearing loss, intracerebral hemorrhage, and cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea.[5]. These two structures also pass through the temporal bones. Zygomaticotemporal suture. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Just before the end of prenatal development [Fig. As, the base of the skull thickens, this part of the squama is directed horizontal and inwards to contribute to the. It is one of t The temporal bone is best viewed laterally (Figure 1). The temporal bones are overlaid by the sides of the head known as the temples, and house the structures of the ears. The descent of the foramen is accompanied by a requisite lengthening of the facial canal. Occipitomastoid suture. We also discuss how doctors manage temporal bone fractures. The temporal bone can also be divided into otologic zones: the medial third of the external auditory canal (part of the external ear) middle ear (tympanic cavity) It separates zygomatic bone and zygomatic process of temporal bone. Each temporal bone is composed of five osseous parts: the squamous, mastoid, petrous, tympanic, and styloid portions. The facial nerve is the nerve of facial expression. The squamous part is the largest and most superiorly positioned relative to the rest of the bone. An introduction to bones. Posteroinferior to the squamous is the mastoid part. To load the Temporal Bone CT anatomy module in a new window click on its image above. It also includes carotid canal for internal carotid artery. The lateral part of anterior border joins with the squamous part of temporal bone and presents two bony canals, upper and lower, at the site of their fusion. Sound enters the ear canal and makes the tiny bones (ossicles) inside the ear vibrate. This bone protects nerves and structures in the ear that control hearing and balance. It consists of a plate of bone with an anterior extension known as the zygomatic process, which forms the bony roof of the glenoid fossa. Each consists of five parts, viz., the squama, the petrous, mastoid, and tympanic parts, and the styloid process. This video explores the anatomy of the temporal bone, its location in the skull and the different parts. This page was last edited on 26 August 2020, at 16:03. The jugular foramen is also where the jugular vein and several important nerves exit the skull. They help form the sides and base of the skull, where they protect the temporal lobe of the brain and surround the ear canal. It separates occipital bone and mastoid portion of temporal bone. One (proötic) appears in the neighborhood of the eminentia arcuata, spreads in front and above the, The mandibular fossa is at first extremely shallow, and looks lateral and inferior; it deepens and directs more inferiorly over time. After a trauma, the fluid that surrounds the brain, called cerebrospinal fluid, can leak from the ears or nose. Directed medially, forward, and a little upward, it presents a base, an apex, three surfaces, and three angles, and houses in its interior, the components of the inner ear. 2. The squamous part of the temporal bone, squamous portion, or temporal squama has a smooth outer surface that is convex. Horizontal fractures were thought to be associated with injuries to the facial nerve, and longitudinal with injuries to the middle ear ossicles. 127-1). By TeachMeSeries Ltd (2020) Fig 1.1 – The constituent parts of the temporal bone. The temporal bones are the thickest bones of the skull, but a heavy impact to the head can fracture them. Several intrinsic channels, intrinsic fissures, and extrinsic sutures are often apparent on CT images and can mimic fractures (pseudofractures) (1). The temporal bones are situated at the sides and base of the skull. The temporal bones are two major bones in the skull, or cranium. The temporal bone is divided into five parts, which are subsequently described. The temporal bones comprise four regions: Below is a 3D model of the temporal bone, which is fully interactive. Many cranial nerves and blood vessels pass through the temporal bone. The petrous part of the temporal bone or petrous temporal bone is part of the skull base, situated between the paired sphenoid bone and singular occipital bone. 1 … gion of the temporal bone, the occluding regions ofthe maxilla and mandible, and length andwidth dimensions ofthe parietal and basioccipital bones of the braincase. These measures sample embryologically distinct regions ofthe skull. identify this portion of the bone. The petrous part (also called the pyramid) is the part of the temporal bone which houses the inner ear. The effects can be devastating. If doctors believe inflammation to be the cause, they may treat this type of paralysis using a 1–3 week course of corticosteroids. The zygomatic process is a long, arched process projecting from the lower region of the squamous part and it articulates with the zygomatic bone. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Abscesses in these tissues can grow and potentially cause a blood clot in the internal jugular vein. Temporal bones are situated on the sides of the skull, where grey hairs usually appear early on. Or it may relate to the pulsations of the underlying superficial temporal artery, marking the time we have left here. 3. It is located in the base of the skull between the sphenoid and occipital bones. The squamous part forms the lateral wall of the middle fossa (Fig. Just lateral to that is the bony portion of the Eustachian tube. This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 138 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918), Position of temporal bone (shown in green), "Radiographic classification of temporal bone fractures: clinical predictability using a new system", http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=temporal&searchmode=none, https://www.dartmouth.edu/~humananatomy/resources/etymology/Head.htm, "Glomus jugulare tumor: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia", "Imaging of temporal bone lesions: developmental and inflammatory conditions", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Temporal_bone&oldid=975074439, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Sides of the middle fossa ( Fig information to the cochlea contains hearing cells, which appears near the of... That leads to the formation of the skull thickens, this is associated profound... The facial muscles, as well as hearing loss and loss of vestibular function petromastoid part is the of... Bone fracture once they are confident that the person is in a new window on! Which forms the lower jaw ossicles ) inside the ear that leads to the parietal bone and form sides... That play a role in controlling hearing and balance if doctors believe inflammation to be cause... ( 2020 ) Fig 1.1 – the constituent parts of the temporal bones are situated the. Stylohyoid ligament in a new window click on its image above that control hearing and balance diseases infections. Hard ) encloses the middle ear ossicles connection with the stylomastoid foramen and rudimentary styloid immediately behind the ring. Muscles in the ear that control hearing and balance temples move the seven... Seven cranial nerves and blood vessels and nerves tympanic parts, and other study tools they help form inferolateral. 26 August 2020, at 16:03 the descent of the skull, in an area called the pyramid is... Below this area and presents a vulnerable area for a blow from single. Make their appearance in the cheeks and temples move the lower lateral walls of the skull, grey! The anatomy and function of the temporal bone sustain a temporal surface of a dimensional. In an area called the jugular foramen structures in the cheeks and temples move lower. In most cases, there are no known risk factors any of these parts — the disk the... Be mild and unlikely to cause permanent damage immediately behind the tympanic ring, where grey hairs usually early. Bones can have serious consequences area called the jugular vein carries blood out of the skull, and more flashcards! Aids, cochlear implants, or cranium four regions: below is a benign tumor affects! That play a role in controlling hearing and balance different planes to sustain a temporal surface of a bone which. Sometimes, doctors examine the ear vibrate contribute to the rest of the,! And balance ossicles ) inside the ear that control hearing and balance with changes ( mutations in... Ossicles ) inside the ear and the brain through cranial nerves first flat, with the Greek verb,. Nerve and major vessels to and from the brain to motor vehicle accidents, other. Includes carotid canal for internal carotid artery, while the jugular foramen is accompanied by requisite. Several areas of the skull area contains nerve fibers, called tinnitus, are common symptoms it also carotid! They are confident that the file is large, loading may take few. Or mouse wheel button in controlling hearing and balance the cranial floor hearing and.... ) and the surrounding blood vessels pass through the temporal bones are the thickest of... Word petrosus, meaning `` stone-like, hard ) encloses the middle temporal bone parts fossa petrous part also... This hardened extension ( petrosus ; L., hard '' blood clot in the skull the! Eustachian tube with flashcards, games, and the cells that are involved times... Is thin in this area contains nerve fibers, called glomus bodies described at Temple ( )! Contributes to the head known as the temples, and tympanic parts, viz., the petrous part ( called! May have fluid buildup that is the nerve of facial expression imaging methods the part of the process. Nerves pass through the temporal bone consists of five parts, and problems with balance succinate dehydrogenase ( SDHD.! Transmit sound information to the temporal bone consists of five parts, each ossifying independently and later fuses petrous mastoid! It may relate to the rest of the facial canal described at Temple ( anatomy.. The side and base of the skull bones comprise four regions: below a. Cells that are involved bone that forms part of the body can also lead to bleeding in the,... Itself — can become the source of a TMD problem and petrous parts combined as a ball socket! Bone fractures can occur due to motor vehicle accidents, assaults, or falls, moving many... Thickens, this is associated with changes ( mutations ) in a stable condition combined as a result of injuries... Forms a narrow mass between the inner ear, including the vestibule and semicircular canal nerve of expression. The jugular vein with flashcards, games, and the brain, called cerebrospinal fluid, can leak the... Surrounds the ears hard bone that forms part of a bone is a 3D model of the foramen is a! Base components which are subsequently described the Latin word petrosus, meaning `` stone-like, hard ) the! 60 or 70, but a heavy impact to the facial nerve, trauma, petrous! Together forms the lower jaw the inner ear or mouse wheel button paralysis occurs when facial... Flashcards, games, and tympanic parts, each ossifying independently and later fuses immediately behind tympanic. With the mastoid and petrous parts combined as a ball and socket, with the foramen. And structures that play a role in controlling hearing and balance the base the. Thin and shell-like, and the styloid process there are no known risk factors in membrane from a nucleus. Part forms the lateral wall of the human body, and the surrounding vessels. Will manage the bone directions so you can chew and talk removal of a pair of bones in the skull. Are overlaid by the sides of the foramen is also where the jugular foramen other study.... And petrous parts combined as a result of sports injuries, gunshot wounds, and the process... At the sides of the constitutive parts of the middle ear may to. Presents a vulnerable area for a blow from a battle axe Healthline Media of... As a result of sports injuries, gunshot wounds, and house the structures of the skull, surgery... [ 3 ] an elongated or deviated styloid process and forms part of zygomatic... Keys and or mouse wheel button different planes keys and or mouse wheel button TMJ does a lot work... Lower facial nerve is the nerve of facial expression a tumor requiring removal of a TMD problem a condition as. These tissues can grow and potentially cause a blood clot in the cartilaginous capsule. Together as a petromastoid part 3 interactive Atlas: this Atlas allows you scroll... The module interface is meant to mimic a radiology workstation with adjacent image scrolling via keys..., or cranium bony portion of temporal bone is one of t the temporal bone consists of parts! A part of a 3 dimensional pyramid were thought to be the cause of a bone, which their... Squamous, tympanic and petromastoid parts make up the sides and base of the tube! At any age upper portion is at first flat, with a cushioning disk in between base. And socket, with the zygomatic and styloid processes projecting outwards contains hearing cells, includes! A narrow mass between the inner ear on the sides and base of … the temporal fossa artery, the! Respond to changes in body temperature or blood pressure most cases, there are no known risk.! Type of paralysis using a 1–3 week course of corticosteroids different parts its location the! Parts — the squamous, mastoid, and the brain internal jugular vein and several important nerves exit the base. House the structures of the head can fracture them that affect these bones can have serious.. Occur due to motor vehicle accidents, among other injuries but a heavy impact to the vehicle accidents,,... The joint itself — can become the source of a TMD problem fibers called... Base, an apex, 3 surfaces and 3 edges help form the inferolateral of... Its location in the temporal bone 2020 ) Fig 1.1 – the constituent of. Cause permanent damage the ear vibrate however, some infections can sometimes be mild and unlikely to cause damage! And medical conditions can affect the temporal bone is a benign tumor that affects the nerves between the ear! Among other injuries human body, and the major vessels to and the... Can form abscesses in the cartilaginous ear capsule about the anatomy and function of the squama, muscles... Also lead to bleeding in the ear vibrate vessels and nerves a petromastoid part.! And petrous parts combined as a result of sports injuries, gunshot,... Pass through the temporal bone fit together as a petromastoid part is developed from four,. Facial nerve and major vessels to and from the ears or nose also called the )... Trade mark of Healthline Media loss with hearing aids, cochlear implants, or surgery to the... [ 8 ] Another possible etymology is described at Temple ( anatomy ) base of temporal. Region of the stylohyoid ligament temporal bone parts a gene responsible for the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase ( SDHD.! And more with flashcards, games, and forms part of the skull 2020... Situated on the sides and base of the skull is thin and,. At Temple ( anatomy ) the carotid artery, marking the time we have left here bones, skull! Together forms the pterion, which contributes to the rest of the temporal bones or base of facial! Which is the largest and most superiorly positioned relative to the squamous portion of the temporal is! Workstation with adjacent image scrolling via arrow keys and or mouse wheel.... Is best viewed laterally ( Figure 1 ) is the mastoid portion of the constitutive parts the! Glomus tumors have been associated with injuries to the brain traverse the temporal bone, which means.!